Which clause prohibits a state from unreasonably discriminating against citizens of other states in fundamental rights?

Which clause prohibits a state from unreasonably discriminating against citizens of other states in fundamental rights?

• A. Privileges & Immunities Clause Article IV, §2, clause 1
• B. Equal Protection Clause
• C. Due Process Clause
• D. Commerce Clause

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that states may not treat citizens of other states unfairly when it comes to fundamental rights essential to being a citizen. This protection comes from the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1. It bars a state from discriminating against out-of-state residents in core rights—like the right to travel, to access courts, or to pursue a livelihood—simply because they originate from a different state. This clause specifically targets interstate discrimination in fundamental rights, distinguishing it from the Equal Protection Clause, which governs how a state treats people within its own borders, and from the Due Process and Commerce Clauses, which address other separate concerns. So the clause that prohibits such interstate discrimination in fundamental rights is the Privileges and Immunities Clause.

The key idea is that states may not treat citizens of other states unfairly when it comes to fundamental rights essential to being a citizen. This protection comes from the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1. It bars a state from discriminating against out-of-state residents in core rights—like the right to travel, to access courts, or to pursue a livelihood—simply because they originate from a different state. This clause specifically targets interstate discrimination in fundamental rights, distinguishing it from the Equal Protection Clause, which governs how a state treats people within its own borders, and from the Due Process and Commerce Clauses, which address other separate concerns. So the clause that prohibits such interstate discrimination in fundamental rights is the Privileges and Immunities Clause.